a mirror gives no judgment
Pots without cracks don't go into politics; they have other, useful things
to do. A crackpot is of no use. That's why politics is the only profession
in the world where no qualification is needed. Everybody is perfectly
qualified.
Now there is so much power in the hands of the politicians that they
themselves are afraid. They would like to win the war, but it is impossible;
both the parties are equally balanced. And the war is not going to be
between two countries; nuclear weapons will spread it all over the world.
Perhaps within twenty-four hours all life on earth will disappear. This is
frightening. That's why the war has not happened, and perhaps may not
happen. But it is always very close; anything can go wrong.
You should not depend on machines. And now the whole war game is not between man
and man -- that is out of date -- the whole war game is between
technological nuclear weapons. Even the missiles which will carry the
weapons will not have any pilots with them, there is no need. The missile
itself can be programmed where to go, where to drop the bomb.
Man has become so dependent on technological machines that anything can go wrong any moment.
You would love to
live in peace, but peace seems to be flat; nothing is happening, you are
almost in your grave. To avoid being in such a dead state, you go on doing
something or other -- falling into a love affair, chasing a man or a woman;
and then the whole drama of overpowering each other, of dominating each
other, fighting.... That too does not seem to be good -- every night a
pillow fight. It does not seem good, but excitement is there.
Every husband on his way home is thinking of excuses why he is late,
figuring out where he has been, what to say, what not to say. And the woman
is figuring out... she has phoned all his friends' houses and she has
collected all the information that she knows he will use for his excuses.
Yes, there is drama. You tell her, "I have been with one of my friends; we
met after such a long time." And the woman laughs, and she says, "Don't be
stupid, your friend has been here! Now I don't think your friend is a Jesus
Christ who can be in two places simultaneously." You are caught. Every
husband feels guilty, the woman is angry, he is trying to persuade her....
At least all these dramas and traumatic experiences keep you from falling
into that space you call flat. But at such a cost. The peace is flat, the
excitement is a torture; you are caught in a dilemma.
The reason is that you don't know what real peace is. Just not to fight, not
to get involved again with another woman, not to go to the pub and drink too
much and beat others and be beaten.... You can avoid all these things. You
can just close your door and sit inside your room, but you will not find
peace. The question is not of the room and you, the question is of your
mind.
Your mind is born out of the monkeys. Your mind is a monkey. Have you seen a
monkey sitting silently? That would be a miracle. The monkey is always doing
something or other -- jumping from one tree to another tree in search of
excitement. He is bored with peace. Even if you have not done anything, just
look at the monkey and he will make faces at you. What is he doing? He is
just trying to create some entertainment.
He will start running after you. If you run, then he will enjoy it very
much. Great excitement, although there is no point. If you stop and turn
back, the monkey will go up the tree; he does not mean business, it was just
a game. He was feeling flat, you were feeling flat, and it was a good game.
Both became excited.
Your mind is constantly seeking and searching for some involvement, some
trouble, because the peace is really killing, poisonous.
This is not the peace which I am talking about. That peace
comes out of meditation, that peace comes when you come out of your mind and
become centered as a witness, just watching the mind without any judgment,
without any evaluation, without saying, "This is good, this is bad, this is
really groovy." If you do such things, then you have already jumped in and
become identified with the monkey. The moment you say, "This is groovy," you
cannot remain outside; you are on the track again.
You have simply to be a witness, like a mirror that gives no judgment
Verse 1 [see Chinese text and literal translation at right]: "The Way that can be spoken of/Is not the constant way." The Tao Te Ching begins with a pun: "Way" and "spoken of" ("said") are the same character (Dào). So the first line says: "The Tao that can be tao-ed is not the constant Tao." "The name that can be named..." Here the pun can be maintained in English, where "name" can be both noun and verb.
] and weak [ruò] will overcome the hard and strong." The "role of the female" is made more specific: "Submissive" (jou in Wade-Giles and róu in Pinyin) is a significant, evocative term. The dictionary definition of róu (Mathews' Chinese-English Dictionary, Harvard, 1972) is "soft, pliant; yielding, gentle; to overcome by kindness." "Submissive" in Taoism, however, is not always what it might seem. We have all seen the Japanese pronunciation of róu in the word judo (róudào), the "Submissive Way." But Judo really doesn't look very "submissive": throwing people to the mat isn't exactly "to overcome by kindness." As a form of Not Doing, however, the idea in Judo is not to originate an attack and not to use one's own strength: the strength of an attacker is turned against him. This idea was often articulated in the old "Kung Fu" television series of the 70's, with David Carradine.
]," doesn't talk about virtue, and so actually practices it. "A man of the lowest virtue," makes a big show and a big noise about virtue, and so is most likely a hypocrite who doesn't actually practice it. Compare to Jesus's complaints about those who only give alms publicly (Matthew 6:2) or stand on the street corners praying (Matthew 6:5). "A man of the highest benevolence [
] acts..." The beginning of an implicit critique of Confucianism. Rén is the highest virtue for Confucius. Taoism doesn't have too much of a problem with that. "A man of the highest rectitude [righteousness,
) acts, but from ulterior motive." Righteousness (yì) is the next highest Confucian virtue, but Taoism suspects those who invoke it of pursuing some self-interest. "A man most conversant in the rites [propriety, etiquette, good manners,
] acts, but when no one responds rolls up his sleeves and resorts to persuasion by force." Good manners (li3) is the next Confucian virtue, but Taoism expects nothing but intolerance and violence from people who talk about this. This is similar to attitudes in the 60's, when people felt that "good manners" were superficial nonsense and the preferred "counter-culture" behavior was rude and crude. This was not too good; but now, when certain kinds of rude behavior or speech can be prosecuted as federal civil rights offenses ("hostile environment" interpretations of anti-discrimination law), the Confucian opposite feared by Taoism seems to have been reached. "Hence when the way [
] was lost there was virtue [
] and good faith [
]/And the beginning of disorder [
, Japanese ran]." A nice hierarchical listing and evaluation of moral terminology according to Taoism.
Verse 133 [see Chinese text and literal translation at right]: "I am not meddlesome and the people prosper of themselves." This line can also be translated [third line at right], "I do not serve, and the people themselves become wealthy." This suggests the "Tao of capitalism," since the principle of the free market is to leave people alone (laissez-faire), by which the "Invisible Hand" of Adam Smith (the Tao) will be able to create wealth for everyone. Such a result would not necessarily be what Taoism had in mind: "I am free from desire and the people of themselves become simple [like the uncarved block]" [fourth line at right]; but a free market economy, by created unprecedented wealth, does just the opposite. Taoism wanted a simple, rural life, without "cleverness" or "novelties," but leaving people alone to become wealthy means that they will--which produces a vast consumer market of "cleverness" and "novelties" far from simplicity. 